GSM, or grams per square metre, is the single most useful number in fabric sourcing, and one of the most misunderstood. Here is what it actually tells you, and how to use it when choosing fabric for your next collection.
What GSM Actually Measures
GSM measures the weight of one square metre of fabric. It is a proxy for density and thickness, not quality. A high GSM fabric is not automatically better than a low GSM one; it simply behaves differently. Thread count, weave type and fibre also affect how a fabric performs, but GSM is the fastest way to compare two fabrics on paper before you see a swatch.
GSM Ranges and What They Suit
Under 100 GSM: Sheer, lightweight fabrics like chiffon and georgette. Suited to linings, dupattas, and flowing summer wear.
100 to 150 GSM: Lightweight shirting and dress fabrics. Breathable cotton and cotton blends typically fall here.
150 to 250 GSM: The most versatile mid-weight range. Suitable for structured shirts, kurtas, and everyday dresses. Most of our cambric and combed cotton falls in this band.
250 to 400 GSM: Heavier fabrics for jackets, coats, and structured silhouettes. Denim and heavier linen blends sit here.
400 GSM and above: Upholstery-grade and heavy outerwear fabric, rarely used in standard garment production.
Why This Matters for Your Costing
Heavier fabric generally costs more per metre and adds to shipping weight, which affects your landed cost. If two fabrics look similar on screen, checking GSM before ordering samples can save you a redundant swatch request and a few days of back and forth with your supplier.
A Quick Rule of Thumb
If you are unsure what GSM to ask for, describe the end use to your supplier: “I need something that holds a collar shape” or “I need something that drapes like a scarf.” A good sourcing partner will translate that into a GSM range for you rather than making you guess.
Fabric by GSM at VastraVyu
Every fabric in our collection is listed with its GSM upfront. If you are not sure what weight suits your design, our team can help you shortlist options, just reach out with your brief.